Order blocks and breaker blocks

Order blocks, and what they assume

An order block, or OB, is the last opposing candle before a decisive move. In an advance, it is the last bearish candle before price leaves. The idea is that it marks the place where a large order started being worked.

The whole practice fits in three gestures: spot that candle, draw the zone it covers, and wait for price to come back to it. It says nothing more, and in particular nothing about what happens if price never comes back, which is more common than the examples suggest.

The underlying assumption is the one behind this whole category, and it is verifiable: a large execution spreads out, so it leaves a trace. The lesson on large orders covers it in full.

What is laid on top is less verifiable: that this particular candle is where the execution began, and that the rest of the order is still waiting there. Nothing on your screen confirms it, and it is worth knowing that before putting money on it.

⚠️ An order block is always seen after the move, never before. The move designates the candle, not the other way round. Everything that follows in this lesson has to be read with that in mind.

Drawing the zone: the two conventions

First convention, the more common one: the zone runs from the high to the low of the candle, wicks included. It gives wide zones, so they get touched often, so entries are frequent and stops are far away.

Second convention: only the body counts, open to close. Zones are narrower, touched less often, and stops are shorter. The reward-to-risk is better when it works, and it works less often.

Both can be defended, and neither is wrong. What is wrong is switching convention from one trade to the next depending on what suits, because from that point on you cannot compare anything to anything.

Pick one, write it down, and keep it for at least fifty trades. The choice matters less than the consistency: two conventions applied seriously beat one applied whenever it is convenient.

A third detail separates the schools: does the candle have to be followed by a break of structure to count? Market structure answers that one, and the answer changes how many zones you end up keeping.

Valid and invalid order blocks

The valid and invalid order block distinction is where most of the arguing happens, and where the least measuring gets done. Three criteria come up everywhere.

The first: the candle must be followed by a break of structure. The second: the zone must not have been revisited already. The third: it must sit on the right side of the higher timeframe bias.

Look closely at those three and count how many can be checked at the moment you would want to enter. The second one, yes. The other two, no: they require knowing what happened afterwards.

That does not invalidate the criteria, it moves the question. They are there to filter a history so it can be measured, not to decide live. Confusing the two uses is what leaves so many people convinced by a method they were never able to apply.

⚠️ A rule that can only be checked afterwards is an analysis rule, not a trading rule. Both are useful, they simply do not serve at the same moment of your day.

Bullish or bearish, and the mean threshold

A bullish order block is the last bearish candle before an upward impulse: the zone sits below price and reads as demand. A bearish order block is its mirror, the last bullish candle before the fall, supply parked above. The direction changes nothing in the mechanics, only which side of the chart the zone waits on.

Inside the zone, the vocabulary marks one more level: the mean threshold, the exact half of the order block. It plays for the zone the role the consequent encroachment plays for the fair value gap: a return that holds above the half does not read like a return that crosses it.

It is a refinement, not a rule. If you want to know what it is worth in your hands, it gets tested like everything else: one more column in the count from the last section, returns held above the half against returns that crossed it.

Breaker blocks, or the order block that failed

A breaker block is the same object once its level has given way and now acts the other way round. It is to order blocks what the inverse FVG is to fair value gaps: the failed version, reused in the opposite direction.

Trading one therefore means treating a broken order block as an opposing zone, on the assumption that whoever positioned there is looking to get out when price returns. That latent supply is the reason given for the zone pushing back instead of holding.

The reasoning is the same as for any broken level, and there is nothing mystical about it. It is worth exactly what the assumption is worth: that losing positions are still waiting to be closed at that precise place.

The parallel with the inverse fair value gap is exact, and it carries the same weakness: every order block eventually gives way, so every order block sooner or later becomes a breaker block.

The practical consequence is the same too. If you do not record your zones live, your history will only show you the breaker blocks that worked, and you will conclude that they all do.

Mitigation blocks: the third name

A mitigation block is the name given to a zone where a previous position is assumed to be closed out rather than opened. That is the only difference from an order block, and it is one of intent, not of drawing.

On the chart the two look alike to the point of often being the same candle. What separates them is the story told about them, and that story cannot be checked from outside.

Comparing order blocks, mitigation blocks and FVGs comes down to a single question: does the zone mark where the move started, or where it passed through? The first two mark origins. The third marks passage.

They often sit within a few points of each other, which is exactly why they get mixed up. Keeping the question in mind rather than the three definitions is enough to stop confusing them.

In practice, the order block versus mitigation block distinction does not change what you do. It changes the name you give to what you do, and that is worth knowing before paying for a course to learn it.

Rejection, vacuum, propulsion: the names that remain

The vocabulary does not stop there, and the remaining names describe special cases more than new tools. The rejection block is built on wicks rather than bodies: the zone between the extreme of the wick and the body of the candle that rejected the level, where orders were filled without price holding.

The vacuum block names the void left by a gap never crossed back, the propulsion block an order block born inside another, touched once before price left again. A reclaimed order block, finally, is an abandoned zone price comes back to use the other way, the breaker's quiet cousin.

⚠️ Name inflation is the real trap of this family. Every variant has its video, rarely its numbers. Treat them as a lexicon to recognise, not five tools to trade: the testable mechanics stay the ones from the start of this lesson, a zone, a written criterion, columns.

The rejection block, the zone drawn on the wick

A rejection block is an order block of which only the wick is kept. Where the usual convention keeps the body or the whole candle, this one keeps the portion between the extreme of the wick and the bound of the body nearest that extreme. It is the same candle, cut differently.

The reasoning behind it holds up: a long wick signals orders filled at prices where the market did not stay. If you believe a large execution leaves a trace, that trace is cleaner in the wick than in the body, because the body also contains everything that traded quietly.

The criterion you can observe at the moment you draw is a proportion. Measure the wick, measure the total range of the candle, and only keep the zone if the wick takes up at least two thirds of that range. A candle with balanced wicks rejects nothing, it hesitates. Write down the threshold you pick before you start, or you will move it from one trade to the next depending on what suits.

The trap is arithmetic, and it is rarely stated. A wick zone is by construction taller than a body zone, so your stop sits further away, so the same return rate pays you less. A rejection block touched as often as a body order block, but with a stop twice as wide, is a worse tool and not a better one.

One last remark, and it saves time: if you already draw your order blocks wicks included, the rejection block is not a new object, it is exactly the zone you draw. It only exists separately for those who work on bodies. Check which school you belong to before adding one more name to your list.

The vacuum block, a void with no orders

A vacuum block is the hole left by a price jump that nothing has filled: the market moves from one level to another without a single transaction printing in between, and the zone stays empty. That is where the name comes from, a void, not a zone of execution.

The confusion with the three candle imbalance is constant, and the difference is clear. An imbalance is read on three candles whose wicks do not overlap, inside continuous quoting: the market traded, very fast, but it traded. A vacuum block corresponds to a real interruption of the quoting, so to prices at which nobody could do anything.

You meet it where quoting stops: the Sunday evening open on forex, the resumption after the daily settlement on futures, a stock after an earnings release. On a market that quotes continuously it is rare. An indicator that draws you several a day is showing you something else, most often plain imbalances.

The consequence is the one nobody states. The story that justifies an order block is that a large order left unfinished work there. In a vacuum block nothing traded, so there is no remainder of orders at that place. The zone can perfectly well attract price, but not for the reason attributed to it, and a good reason to be wrong is still a reason to be wrong.

Treat it as a target rather than as an entry zone. A void gets filled or it does not, and that question gets counted: on your instrument, record thirty voids and note how many were filled, then within how many sessions. The number that comes out belongs to you, and it does not look like the one from another market.

A waiting zone, never a signal

Order blocks, breaker blocks and fair value gaps all describe the same thing from three angles: a place where a large order left a trace. They are waiting zones, never entry signals.

If you treat them as signals, you will take every return to price. There are far more returns than there are moves that follow, and the difference between the two is paid in commission and spread.

What a zone gives you is a place to look and a clear invalidation level. What it does not give you is a reason to enter now rather than in two hours.

The reason to enter comes from somewhere else: a structure break on a lower timeframe, a visible rejection, a session sequence. The zone says where, something else has to say when.

⚠️ This is the most expensive confusion in the whole vocabulary, and it does not come from the concepts. It comes from the examples never showing the zones where nothing happened.

Practising: thirty order blocks, three columns

Pick one instrument, one timeframe and one drawing convention, and write them down before you start. It takes a minute and it decides whether everything else is valid.

Go back three months and mark thirty order blocks, moving candle by candle and without looking at what comes next. For each one note the date, the direction and the two bounds of the zone.

Then, for each one, fill three columns: did price return into the zone, did it react by leaving in the expected direction, and by how much before coming back to your entry.

The third column is the one almost nobody fills in, and it is the only one that decides whether the method pays you. A high return rate is worth nothing if the reaction does not cover your risk.

Keep the record and compare it with the one you will make on another kind of zone. That is what a trading journal sorted by setup does, and it is the only way to know which of your readings deserves your capital.